球床反应堆燃料元件脉冲气力提升动力特性分析

摘要

球床反应堆采用球形燃料元件多次通过堆芯的循环运行方式,燃料元件从堆芯底部连续单列排出后依靠管路气动推力逐一被提升至堆芯顶部.本文建立了球形燃料元件“近等径”管路脉冲气力提升运动模型,并在此基础上分析了气源压力、控制阀有效截面积、球外径与管内径的直径比等参数对提升过程燃料元件运行速度的影响.利用测速装置测量了10 MW球床反应实验堆提升器出口燃料元件的运行速度,实验结果接近理论分析结果.近等径球流管路脉冲气力提升运动模型的建立及实验研究为球床反应堆燃料输送系统优化设计及运行调控提供了理论依据.%Pebble bed reactors use "multi-pass" circulation scheme of spherical fuel element. The fuel spheres are uploaded from the core one by one, and lifted up to return to the core through the pneumatic conveying pipeline. In this paper, the motion model of impulse pneumatic transportation of spherical fuel characterized by the "approximately equal diameter" was established. Some influences, such as air supply pressure, effective area of controlling valve, sphere-to-pipe diameter ratio, etc. , to the velocity of fuel elements were analyzed. The practical velocity of fuel element was measured by using speed measuring instrument fixed in 10 MW pebble bed reactor. The test results agree with the theoretical results. The establishment of the motion model of fuel element in impulse pneumatic transportation provides the foundation for the optimum design and regulation of fuel transporting system.