高温气冷堆示范工程反应堆保护系统故障树模型的建立和分析

摘要

数字化保护系统正逐步取代模拟系统，应用于新建和升级的核电厂中，数字化保护系统的可靠性分析已成为仪控领域的热点研究课题。本工作以高温气冷堆示范工程（H T R-PM ）的反应堆保护系统为研究对象，研究数字化保护系统故障树模型的建立和分析方法，主要研究内容包括：故障树顶事件的选取；基于失效模式与影响分析（FM EA ）的故障树搭建方法，重点研究保护系统冗余通道的“2/4”表决逻辑以及通道旁通的处理方法；对故障树模型进行定性分析，并根据故障树的最小割集讨论保护系统的薄弱环节。该研究对于分析数字化保护系统的可靠性并改进系统设计具有重要意义。%Digital reactor protection system ( RPS ) is gradually replacing analog counterparts and being applied in newly-built and upgraded nuclear power plant (NPP) , and the analysis of digital RPS reliability is one of the hot topics in the research field of NPP I&C .Based on RPS of high temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble bed module (HTR-PM ) ,the research of this paper focused on development and analysis of digital RPS fault tree model ,which was outlined as following :The top event for a fault tree was chosen ;the method to build a fault tree model based on failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) was studied ,specially focusing on the sub-tree of redundant channel“2-out-of-4” logic and the fault tree under one channel bypass ;the qualitative analysis of fault tree ,such as RPS weakness according to minimal cut sets was summarized .The research is important to analyze digital RPS reliability and to improve its design .