Objective To investigate the current characteristics of nosocomial infection in a Top three hospitals in order to provide ref-erences for the management of nosocomial infection.Methods Withtheretrospectivesurvey,70160 inpatients treated from January 2013 to December 2014 were investigated.Results There were 406 patients(440cases)of nosocomial infection in 2013,and 548 pa-tients (575 cases)in 2014.The incidence rates of patients and cases were 1.19%and 1.29%,1.52%and 1.60%for year 2013 and 2014 respectively.The commonest infection sites were pulmonary infections,upper respiratory tract infections,lower urinary tract infec-tions and surgical site infections.As for incidence rate,the top 5 departments were intensive care unit,department of hematology,depart-ment of neurosurgery,department of traditional Chinese medicine,and department of occupational disease.Pathogen test incubated 290 positive bacterial strains for 2013 and 2014,including Gram-negative bacilli,totally 262,accounting for 90.34%;Gram-positive bacilli,totally 24,accounting for 8.28%;Fungus,totally 4,accounting for 1.38%.Among pathogens isolated,the top 5 species were Pseudo-monas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobactercloacae.Conclusions Thenoso-comial infection of the hospital is not high,which meets the specification of PQCC.In order to control nosocomial infections,surveillance on high risk departments,high risk patients and high risk factors should be strengthened.The major pathogen was Gram-negative bacilli.%目的 了解某三甲医院医院感染的现状特点,为医院感染管理工作提供参考.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对70160例住院病人进行调查.结果 2013年发生医院感染406例440例次,医院感染发病率为1.19%,例次发病率为1.29%.2014年发生医院感染548例575例次,医院感染发病率为1.52%,例次发病率为1.60%.医院感染好发部位排前几位的是:肺部感染、上呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染、手术部位感染.综合ICU、血液科、神经外科、中医科、职业病科等是医院感染发病率较高的前几位的临床科室.2年病原学检查共检出阳性菌株290株,其中革兰阴性杆菌共计262株,占90.34%,革兰阳性菌共计24株,占8.28%,真菌共计4株,占1.38%.检出数量前5位的病原菌依次为:铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌.结论 该院医院感染发病率不高,符合卫计委的相关规定.要控制医院感染,需加强对高危科室、高危人群、高危因素的监测.该院医院感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主.
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