114736人次蚌埠地区无偿献血者血液检测结果调查分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the passing rates of blood test items of voluntary blood donors in Bengbu area and the relation -ships between that rates and occupations ,levels of education and donation patterns ,in order to optimize the strategy of blood donor recruitment and screening .Methods Blood test results of 114 736 blood donor samples in Bengbu area during 2011 to 2013 were classified by occupa-tions,levels of education and donation patterns ,then were analyzed by statistical method .Results The general unqualified rate of blood do-nors in Bengbu area during 2011 to 2013 was 3.3%,which was lower than 5.6% reported before.The unqualified rate of professionals,sol-diers and students was 2.8%,2.6%and 2.0%respectively,and the difference between each of those rates and the average unqualified rate (3.3%) was significant.The unqualified rate of syphilis antibody test of industrialists and businessmen was 7.1%,which was significantly higher than average rate (0.6%).The difference between the rate of blood donors who had the educational background of a college or above and the rate of blood donors who had not that educational background was significant .The unqualified rate of individual voluntary blood donors and group voluntary blood donors was 3.2%and 4.1%respectively,and the difference between them was statistically significant .There was greater difference between the unqualified rates of alaninetransaminase ( ALT) of two donation patterns .Conclusion ALT screening in blood donors could decrease unqualified rate of blood remarkably .Treponema pallidum antibody ( TP) screening in industrialists and businessmen should be enhanced .Blood donation propagandas and ALT screening should be intensified for group voluntary blood donors to decrease un -qualified rate .Blood donation crowds with high level of education and professionals ,soldiers and students could be taken as relatively safe low risk blood donor population to be recruited .%目的：了解蚌埠地区无偿献血者血液检测项目的合格率及不同职业、不同文化程度及不同献血模式与血液检测项目合格率的关系，为完善献血招募和献血者筛查的对策提供依据。方法对蚌埠地区2011～2013年间采集的114736份无偿献血样本的检验结果进行职业、文化程度、献血模式的分类和统计分析。结果2011～2013年蚌埠地区的献血者总体不合格率为3．3％，低于此前报道的5．6％；专业技术人员、军人、学生的不合格率分别为2．8％、2．6％、2．0％，与平均不合格率（3．3％）相比差异有统计学意义；其中工商业者的梅毒抗体不合格率为7．1％，与0．6％的平均水平相比，差异有统计学意义；专科以上文化程度人员的不合格率低于专科以下人员，差异有统计学意义；个体自愿无偿献血的不合格率为3．2％与团体自愿无偿献血的不合格率4．1％相比，差异有统计学意义，两种献血模式中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ ALT）的不合格率差异较大。结论对献血者进行ALT的筛查会使血液的不合格比例大幅下降；应对工商业者等人群加强梅毒抗体（ TP）的筛选检测；团体献血者应加强宣传和ALT的筛查，减少不合格率；文化程度较高的人群以及专业技术人员、军人、学生可以作为相对较安全的低危献血人群进行招募。