沟垄集雨种植模式下谷子种植密度对土壤水分及产量的影响

摘要

In order to explore the yield potential of foxtail millet under different planting densities ,cv .Datong 29 was field tested in semi-arid southern Ningxia province in 2013 and 2014 ,and three planting densities were set under the ridge-furrow rainfall harvesting planting mode .The results showed that water consumption ,yield and WUE were all en-hanced with the increase of density in both years .Water consumption was reduced in 2014 when amount of precipitation was decreased and the difference between yields by middle and by high densities was not significant ( P>0 .05 ) .In both years ,water supply capacity at harvesting stage ,soil water storage of 0~200 cm underground and soil moisture during jointing stage became all decreased with the increase of density .With the increase of planting density ,WUE in 2013 with high precipitation was gradually increased;while in 2014 with low precipitation ,WUE by middle density was the highest ,reaching 24 .35 kg·mm-1·hm-2 .Average WUE in 2014 had a gain of 10 .37 kg·mm-1·hm-2 from that in 2014 .%为探索半干旱地区沟垄集雨种植模式下不同种植密度对旱地谷子降雨生产潜力的影响，以谷子品种大同29为试材，设置低、中、高三种留苗密度，于2013—2014年在宁南半干旱区进行了大田试验。结果表明，在两种降雨年型下，集雨各密度产量和总耗水量均随密度的升高而增加，在雨水偏少的2014年谷子总耗水量较少，中、高密度产量亦无显著差异（ P＞0．05）；高密度处理两年平均产量较低密度增加26．41％，总耗水量平均增加10．40％；谷子抽穗期土壤含水率、各时期0～200 cm土壤储水量及收获期供水能力在两种降雨年型下均随密度的升高而降低。WUE在多雨的2013年随留苗密度的增加而升高，在少雨的2014年则以中密度WUE最高，达到24．35 kg·mm－1·hm－2，且该年WUE平均较2013年高10．37 kg·mm－1·hm－2。