Objective To investigate the genetic associations between polymorphisms of BDNF-rs12273539 and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes ( T2DM) patients. Methods Participants were divided into two groups:T2 DM patients complicated with cognitive impairment ( T2 DM-CI ) group ( n =92 ) and type 2 diabetes patients without cognitive impairment (T2DM-NCI) group (n=191). Polymorphic SNPs of rs12273539 in the BDNF gene were genotyped using PCR-RFLP technology. The description of data, case-control analysis and association analysis between SNPs were performed with the SPSS 15. 0 program and online SHEsis program. Results In the total sam-ples and male samples, there was also a significant difference in BDNF rs12273539 genotype distribution between the patients and control groups (X2 =7.639 4, P=0.021 9;X2 =6.643 0, P=0.036 1, respectively). In the fe-male samples, no significant association with T2DM-CI was observed between two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion According to the present results, it can be concluded that:①the genetic polymorphisms of BDNF gene are like-ly to confer susceptibility to T2 DM-CI;②there are BDNF gene sex-specific genetic components involved in the pa-thology of T2DM-CI.%目的探讨脑源性神经营养因子( BDNF) rs12273539基因多态性和2型糖尿病认知障碍( T2DM-CI)之间的关联。方法选择 T2DM-CI 患者92例,无认知障碍的 T2DM (T2DM-NCI)患者191例,聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性( PCR-RFLP )法检测 BDNF rs12273539基因多态性,SPSS 15.0及在线遗传软件SHEsis进行统计分析。结果在总体样本和男性样本中,BDNF rs12273539 TT基因型在认知障碍病例组分布相对过多,可能是T2DM-CI的易感基因型,在女性样本中BDNF-rs12273539等位基因和基因型分布在T2DM-CI组和T2DM-NCI组的差异无统计学意义。结论 BDNF-rs12273539可能是T2DM-CI的易感基因；BDNF-rs12273539基因多态性与T2DM-CI的关联存在性别差异。
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