研究以“黑麦草-水稻”草田轮作系统为基础,水田冬种多花黑麦草为研究对象,利用实验生态学的方法,通过对土壤地下渗漏水中N、P含量变化的分析,研究稻田冬种黑麦草的N、P动态,把握在种植过程中N、P向环境原位释放的数量、规律和影响因素,有利于更加客观地评价“黑麦草-水稻”草田轮作系统的环境效应.结果表明,在不施肥的冬闲田,仍可发生N素和P素的损失,一个生长周期中随土壤下渗水的损失量平均为NO3--N 115.98kg/hm2,NH4+-N 0.828 0 kg/hm2,P 0.028 5 kg/hm2.而冬种黑麦草降低了这种损失,其中施复合肥375 kg/hm2处理与冬闲处理相比,NO3 - -N、NH4+-N和P的淋失量分别降低了49.43％,48.59％,24.11％.施肥量750kg/hm2处理的NO3 - -N和NH4+-N淋失量比冬闲处理分别降低了38.20％和15.57％,但P的淋失量比冬闲处理略高.%Based on the construction of an Italian ryegrass-rice rotation (IRR) system, the variety and dynamics of N and P loss in underground leakage water under different experimental treatments were investigated. The average loss of N and P through leakage water in the growth cycle was 115. 98 kg/ha NO3--N, 0. 828 0 kg/ha NH4 + -N and 0. 028 5 kg/ha P under the idle field treatment (CK). Winter cropping of Italian ryegrass reduced the loss of N and P. Winter cropping Italian ryegrass with 375 kg/hm compound fertilizer, resulted in loss reductions of NO3--N, NH4 + -N and P of 49. 43%, 48. 59% and 24. 11%, respectively, compared to the CK. Winter cropping Italian ryegrass with 750 kg/ha compound fertilizer, resulted in loss reductions of NO3--N and NH4 + -N of 38. 20% and 15. 57%, respectively, while the loss of P was slightly greater than that under CK.
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