不同结构Cu2O多晶的合成及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化作用

摘要

Porous Cu2O micro-spheres were synthesized without additives, using a homogeneous reactor. The effects of synthesis time and reactor rol ing speed on the Cu2O micro-spheres structure were investigated. Increasing the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone, the porous Cu2O micro-spheres transformed into cubic twined crystals, and then into cubic-octahedral twined crystals. Cu2O micro-crystals with different structures were used to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The catalytic activity of porous Cu2O micro-spheres was better than those of the cubic twined and cubic-octahedral twined crystals. The low temperature of AP decomposition decreased for 37.4 °C when catalyzed by the porous Cu2O micro-spheres, and amount of AP decomposed at low temperature increased from 8.7%to 49.0%.%利用均相反应器,在没有添加剂的条件下合成了具有多孔结构的Cu2O微球.考察了合成时间以及反应器旋转速度对Cu2O微球结构的影响.通过增加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的用量,使得Cu2O从多孔微球转变为立方体孪晶,最终形成十四面体孪晶结构.同时,将不同结构的Cu2O多晶应用于催化高氯酸铵(AP)的热分解,结果表明：多孔Cu2O微球较其它结构的Cu2O对AP的热分解具有更高的催化活性,使得AP的低温分解温度降低了37.4°C,而AP在低温阶段的分解量也由8.7%增加至49.0%.