可释放一氧化氮纳米材料的研究进展

摘要

一氧化氮(NO)是一种内源性双原子分子,在许多生理学和病理学过程中起了关键的调节作用,包括血管平滑肌松弛、免疫反应、神经传递、呼吸作用、细胞凋亡等.NO的生理调节作用在很大程度上依赖于NO释放的位置、时间以及剂量.开发出能够储存NO并且在指定的地点和时间释放需求量的NO的纳米运输平台是非常重要的研究课题.此篇综述,主要介绍近期我们课题组和其他研究人员在NO控制释放以及生物学应用的研究进展.本文首先概述了几类具有应用前景的外源性NO供体,如偶氮二醇烯、亚硝基硫醇、硝基苯和金属亚硝酰化合物.然后,重点讨论了结合NO供体和纳米平台在控制释放NO和生物医学的潜在应用.%Nitric oxide (NO)-an endogenous diatomic molecule-plays key roles in various physiological and pathological processes,including smooth muscle relaxation in blood vessels,immune response,neurotransmission,respiration,and cell apoptosis.The biological functions of this molecule greatly depend on the location,timing,and dosage at which it is released.It is important to develop NO-delivery platforms capable of holding NO stably during storage and subsequently release optimal amounts of NO spatiotemporally at the desired location and time.In this review,recent advancements in the preparation of new exogenous NO donors including diazeniumdiolates,S-nitrosothiols,nitrobenzene,and metal-nitrosyl complexes are discussed.The integration of these NO donors with various nanoplatforms for controlled NO delivery and their potential applications in the biomedical field are highlighted.