微生物介导反刍动物瘤胃氨生成及其对瘤胃功能的影响

摘要

反刍动物瘤胃中栖息着丰富多样的微生物, 其在瘤胃内氨生成过程中发挥了重要的作用.微生物介导的氨基酸脱氨基作用和非蛋白氮水解作用是瘤胃内氨生成的主要途径.微生物介导了瘤胃内氨的生成, 同时瘤胃内产生的氨也会反馈影响微生物菌群结构及瘤胃上皮功能, 进而影响瘤胃发酵及宿主健康.本文主要综述了瘤胃微生物在介导氨生成中的作用和氨对瘤胃消化及瘤胃上皮功能的影响, 以期对后续研究有所启发.%The rumen is inhabited by a multitude of microorganisms that play an important role in the production of ammonia. Microbe-mediated amino acid deamination and non-protein nitrogen hydrolysis are the main pathways for ruminal ammonia production. Ammonia produced by rumen microorganisms acts in a feedback loop to affect the structure of microbial flora and the function of ruminal epithelium, thus affecting the ruminal fermentation and host health. This review summarizes the production of ammonia and the influence of ammonia on digestion and epithelial function in rumen, aiming to provide a reference to the follow-up related research.