Swarm卫星天线相位中心校正及其对精密定轨的影响

摘要

接收机天线相位中心偏差是星载GPS精密定轨必须考虑的误差源,而 PCV 一般需要多天观测数据进行联合估计,其估计方法及效率显得尤为重要。本文针对传统 PCV 综合方法计算效率较低、需要存储多天的法方程以及先验信息等问题,提出了一种改进的 PCV 综合方法。该方法通过递推的方式,既不需要存储多天的法方程及先验信息,又能够及时提供 PCV 信息,进而提高了 PCV 值获取的效率,为实现 Swarm 卫星 PCV 的快速求解提供了一种新的途径。最后,利用星载 GPS 数据进行了Swa rm卫星精密定轨。试验结果表明：采用改进的 PCV 综合方法,能够提高 PCV 综合效率,降低所需存储空间；通过与外部精密轨道比较表明,进行 PCV 改正后,Swa rm 卫星的径向、切向和法向定轨精度均有不同程度的提高,尤其是对法向精度改善最为明显,平均提高约23.3 mm；进行 PCV 改正后, Swa rm 卫星各个方向的定轨精度均优于2 cm。%Receiver antenna phase center bias is a source of error must be considered in precise orbit determination using GPS.And PCV generally need multi-day observations data for joint estimation,so the estimation methods and its efficiency are particularly important.For the traditional PCV estimation method imperfect,such as the low computational efficiency,need to store days of normal equations and a priori information,this paper proposes an improved PCV synthesis method.By recursive way,the method doesn’t need to store multi-day normal equations and the priori information about orbit,provide timely information PCV,then improve the efficiency of obtaining the PCV value,and provides a new way to achieve the Swarm satellite PCV solution.By the Swarm satellite precise orbit determination (POD),the result shows that the rapid PCV synthesis method can improve the efficiency of PCV synthesis,reducing the need for storage space.By comparing with external precision orbit,the result show that after the PCV correction, radial,tangential and normal precision of Swarm satellite orbit is improved,especially the normal precision most obviously,the average of about 23.3 mm;after the PCV correction,Swarm satellite orbit precision of all directions was superior to 2 cm.