云南锦斑蛾幼虫体表分泌物氰苷类成分的分离与鉴定及其对黑头酸臭蚁的生物活性

摘要

为研究云南锦斑蛾Achelura yunnanensis幼虫的化学防御策略,利用硅胶柱色谱和HPLC制备色谱等色谱学方法对其毒性分泌液进行了化学成分的分离,并通过核磁共振和质谱学方法对分离到的成分进行了结构鉴定.从其毒性分泌液中分离得到了两个神经毒性氰苷类化合物,经鉴定分别为linamarin和lotaustralin.取食试验表明,linamarin对黑头酸臭蚁Tapinoma melanocephalum有明显的拒食活性.我们推测,云南锦斑蛾体内的神经毒性物质氰苷是通过摄取宿主植物冬樱花Prunus cerasoides和云南樱花P.majestic而获得的,并在体内转化形成毒液,用于防御其天敌.本研究为云南锦斑蛾和宿主植物的协同进化提供了化学依据.%In order to research the chemical defence strategies of Achelura yunnanensis larvae, two toxic cyanogenic glycosides, i. e., linamarin and lotaustralin, were isolated and characterized from the secretions of A. yuenanensis larvae by using the chromatography technique including LC and HPLC, and spectroscopy technology. Feeding test showed that linamarin had the antifeedant activity against Tapinoma melanocephalum. We inferred that cyanogenic glycosides in the secretions of A. yuenanensis larvae are derived from the host plants Prunus cerasoides and P. majestic, and are accumulated in glands for chemical defence against natural enemies. The results of this study provide basic chemical clues for studying the coevolution of Achelura moths and their host plants.