相干声波信号DOA单快拍矢量平滑估计与跟踪算法

摘要

本文研究了基于声矢量传感器阵列的相干信号波达方向(DOA)估计和跟踪问题.首先,根据中心对称均匀线阵方向矩阵的平移不变特性,提出了一种增强阵列有效孔径的单快拍矢量平滑估计算法(PVFSIA),该算法可以用于相干信号的DOA快速估计.在此基础上,提出了基于迭代的相干信号DOA跟踪算法,该算法无需奇异值分解和矩阵求逆运算,具有较快的跟踪速度.最后,对PVFSIA算法进行了扰动分析,给出了DOA估计误差的理论方差表达式.仿真实验验证了算法的有效性.%The problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and subspace tracking of coherent signals is researched based on acoustic vector sensor array. According to the shift invariance property of the steering matrix of the linear array with the centre of symmetry,we propose a new "particle-velocity-field smoothing" algorithm (PVFSIA), with improved effective array aperture,which is based on single snapshot smoothing and available for the fast estimates of DOA in multi-path environment. Then a subspace tracking algorithm of coherent sources based on iteration is presented, which has higher tracking speed, and requires neither the eigen-decomposition into signal/noise subspace nor the inverse operation of matrix. Finally,the perturbation analysis of PVFSIA is introduced and the theoretical covariance formulas of fast DOA estimates are given. Simulation results are shown to verify the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.