甜荞品种内与品种间的遗传多样性研究

摘要

以9个甜荞品种为材料,1个苦荞品种为对照,每个品种随机取10粒种子发芽,提取基因组DNA,采用长随机引物和内含子切接点引物的PCR分子标记技术,对甜荞品种内和品种间的遗传多样性进行了分析.结果表明:(1)所使用的引物均能在 9份甜荞品种和1份苦荞品种中稳定扩增出条带,共获得了45条条带,其中多态性条带42条,占总数的93.3%;(2)甜荞同一品种内存在一定的遗传差异,但遗传距离较小,大部分不同甜荞品种间的遗传差异大于其品种内的遗传差异.因而,在甜荞品种鉴定和遗传多样性研究中,通过品种内适当混合取样可以较好地代表和反映甜荞品种特性.%Common buckwheat (F.esculentum) is an allogamy crop,which is entomophilous heterogony.Revealing the genetic diversity within cultivar population has great theoretical and practical significance for the establishment of the sampling strategy in its genetic diversity study.Nine common buckwheat varieties were used as materials,and one tartary buckwheat variety was as control in this study.Ten seeds of each cultivar were randomly picked for seedling germination and genomic DNA extraction.PCR with intron-splice junction primers and long random primers was employed to reveal the genetic diversity within cultivar population and among cultivars of common buckwheat.The results showed:(1)All of the primers used could amplify stable bands in 9 common buckwheat cultivars and 1 tartary buckwheat cultivar,the total bands amplified were 45,of which 42 bands were polymorphic,accounting for 93.3% of total bands;(2)There were differences between different individuals of the same common buckwheat cultivar,but the difference within the cultivar population was much smaller than that among different cultivars.Therefore,taking mixed sample of appropriate seedlings of one cultivar could reflect the characteristics of the cultivar in the germplasm idenfication and genetic diversity study of common buckwheat.