植物全基因组选择技术的研究进展及其在玉米育种上的应用

摘要

全基因组选择技术通过全基因组中大量的单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP)和参照群体的表型数据建立 BLUP模型估计出每一标记的育种值，称为估计育种值(GEBV)，然后仅利用同样的分子标记估计出后代个体育种值并进行选择。该文就近年来国内外有关影响基因组选择效率的主要因素———参考群体的类型与大小、模型的建立方法、标记的类型及其数目、性状遗传力，以及对基因组选择效率的影响等方面的研究进展进行综述，并介绍了全基因组选择技术在玉米育种上应用概况以及对未来的展望。%Marker-assisted selection (MAS)technology could realize direct genetic selection,but it must base on QTL mapping.Genomic selection (GS),as the newest MAS method,has much advantage com-pared to traditional MAS technology,especially QTL mapping not necessary.In this paper,the factors af-fecting prediction accuracy of GS were reviewed,including training population type,prediction model, marker number,population size,population structure,hereditary of traits and so on.The application of GS in maize breeding was also introduced as well as hybrids performance prediction.We then predicated the future research and application of GS in maize breeding.