以华北土石山区常见乔木白桦根系为研究对象,采用全挖法,从根长、根径、土层深度等方面进行比较,利用Sketchup Pro 8软件建立根系的形态模型；并在实验室进行根系抗拉强度及根土复合体抗剪强度的试验.结果表明,白桦根系垂直分布范围集中在0～60cm的土层中,对坡面浅层水土保持起着重要作用,用软件模拟出的根系形态较接近实际；根系抗拉力与直径成正比,抗拉强度随直径的增加而减小；白桦根系能明显增强土体的抗剪强度,且根系交叉方式不同,根土复合体的抗剪强度也不同.%The roots of Betula platyphylla, one of common tree species in the rocky mountain area of northern China was selected as the research object. The full excavation method was used to compare root length, root diameter and soil depth, and the root morphology model was established by using Sketchup Pro 8 software. The root tensile strength and shear strength of the soil-root composites was tested in the laboratory. The results showed that roots of Betula platyphylla vertical distribution was concentrated in the soil depth of 0 - 60 cm, playing an important role on slope shallow soil and water conservation. The root morphology simulated using software was closer to the actual. The root tensile strength and the diameter were proportional to the tensile strength, and decreased with the increasing diameter. The root system of Betula platyphylla can significantly enhance soil shear strength, and roots crossed in different ways, the shear strength of the root soil complex was also different.
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