甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱构建和重要农艺性状QTL定位研究进展

摘要

Many traits of Brassica napus are quantitative traits under multigenetic control and QTL map⁃ping determines genomic positions of the genes that control the quantitative traits based on the relation ship be⁃tween molecular markers and QTL by means of molecular markers on the basis of genetic linkage map.This pa⁃per briefly introduces the principles and methods of QTL mapping,summarized the researches concerning with genetic mapping,QTL mappings of major traits,such as fatty acid composition,oil content,flowering time and seed yield,and genetic effect analysis of B.napus,and discussed the problems and application prospect of mo⁃lecular marker rapeseed breeding based on QTL.%甘蓝型油菜的许多性状是由多基因控制的数量性状，QTL定位就是以分子标记技术为工具、以遗传连锁图谱为基础、利用分子标记与QTL之间的连锁关系确定控制数量性状的基因在基因组中的位置。对甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱构建及主要性状，如脂肪酸组成、含油量、开花期和产量等QTL定位、遗传效应分析等方面的研究进行综述；对目前基于QTL甘蓝型油菜分子标记育种存在的问题、应用前景进行探讨。