控释肥减量施用对马铃薯产量、品质及土壤硝态氮含量的影响

摘要

The effects of decreasing the application rate of controlled - release coated urea on the yield and quality of potato, and soil nitrate nitrogen content were studied through field experiments. The results indicated that the controlled - release fertilizer treatment increased the first grade rate of potato tube as compared with the traditional fertilization, enhanced potato yield by 8. 00% -25.59% , and the best yield - increasing effect was obtained in the treatment of applying 100% controlled - release fertilizer. Decreasing the application rate of controlled - release fertilizer improved potato quality, increased the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by 10.53% ～22.69% , and the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was the highest in the treatment of decreasing 40% nitrogen of controlled - release fertilizer. The controlled - release fertilizer treatment reduced soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation in each soil layer, and decreasing 30% ～ 40% nitrogen of controlled - release fertilizer achieved the least soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation.%通过田间试验,研究了包膜尿素减量化施用对马铃薯产量、品质及土壤硝态氮含量的影响.结果表明,与习惯施肥处理相比,花用控释肥可以提高马铃薯的一级品率,并且能较好地保证马铃薯产量,马铃薯产量增加8.00％～25.59％,以100％控释肥增产效果最好.马铃薯品质方面,减氮控释肥处理能提高马铃薯品质.施用控释肥可以提高氮肥利用率10.53％～22.69％,其中,以减氮40％控释肥的氮肥利用率最高.在马铃薯土壤硝态氮含量方面,施用控释肥能降低硝态氮在各个土层的累积,其中减氮30％～40％控释肥处理土壤硝态氮的累积量最低.