3种激素处理对大蒜鳞茎性状、产量及保护酶活性的影响

摘要

以徐蒜815为材料，研究18％氯化胆碱·萘乙酸、水杨酸、茉莉酸甲酯3种激素4个时间段处理对大蒜鳞茎性状、小区产量、POD、SOD、CAT活性的影响。结果表明，3种激素皆能提高大蒜叶片内的POD、SOD活性，抑制CAT活性。3种激素、4个时间段处理，水杨酸与处理时间1组合可最大限度地提高大蒜鳞茎高；水杨酸＋处理时间2处理的鳞茎盘直径最大；水杨酸与茉莉酸甲酯处理对大蒜横径、大蒜单株产量都有较大幅度的提高，前期处理效果优于后期处理效果；茉莉酸甲酯、水杨酸在处理时间1的小区产量最高，且2个组合在5％水平上与所有其他组合呈显著差异。说明水杨酸与茉莉酸甲酯在处理时间1对大蒜进行处理增产效果最明显。%The effects of three-time foliage application of three kinds of plant hormones (18%choline chloride · naphthylace-tic acid, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate) at four different time (time one:March 10, March 21 and April 1;time two:March 21, April 1 and April 11;time three:April 1, April 11 and April 22;time four:April 11, April 22 and May 2) on the bulb char-acters, plot bulb yield and activity of protective enzymes (POD, SOD and CAT) in garlic (Xusuan 815) were studied.The results indicated that these three kinds of plant hormones treatments increased the activity of POD and SOD in garlic leaves , but decreased the activity of CAT .Applying salicylic acid at time one could maximumly enhance the height of bulb .The bulb plateau diameter was maximum in the treatment of applying salicylic acid at time two .The salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate treatments could greatly in-crease the bulb transverse diameter and bulb yield per plant , and the effect of their earlier application was better than that of later application .The highest plot bulb yield was obtained in the treatment of applying methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid at time one , which was significantly different from that in other treatments (P<0.05).The above results showed that applying methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid three times on March 10, March 21 and April 1 respectively had the most obvious yield -increasing effect on garlic .