种植密度对秦优7号农艺性状、产量及品质的影响

摘要

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of planting density and pod position on the agronomic traits, seed yield and quality of rapeseed variety Qinyou No .7.The results showed that: as the planting density increased from 225000 plants/hm2 to 300000 plants/hm2, the plant height, branch site, branch number, length of the main raceme, pod density, pod number on the main raceme , pod number on the branch , seed number per pod on the main raceme , seed number per pod on the branch , seed yield on the main raceme , and seed yield on the branch all decreased;the density superiority and main raceme superi-ority were obvious;the seed yield increased by 23.07%.Under the condition of the same planting density , the contents of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, saturated fatty acids, and glucosinolates in the seeds on the main raceme were always higher than those on the branch.For the seeds from the pods at the same position , their oleic acid, linolenic acid, saturated fatty acids, glucosinolates and oil contents in the treatment of 225000 plants/hm2 were higher than those in the treatment of 300000 plants/hm2 , while the change of protein content was opposite to this .Therefore, moderately increasing the planting density of Qinyou No .7 could exert its superi-orities in high density , seed number per pod , 1000-seed weight , and seed yield on the main raceme , could coordinate the relation-ship between individuals and groups , and could gain high seed yield and high oil yield .Furthermore, the proper increase in the planting density could effectively reduce the plant height and the number of effective pods per plant , which was beneficial to the mechanized harvest and seed loss reduction .%通过田间试验，研究了种植密度、不同的角果着生部位对秦优7号籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明：种植密度由22．5万株/hm2增加到30万株/hm2，株高、分枝部位、分枝数、主花序长度、结果密度、主花序角果数、分枝角果数、主花序角粒数、分枝角粒数、主花序产量、分枝产量均有所降低，密度优势明显，主花序优势明显，产量增加23．07％。在相同密度下，秦优7号的亚油酸、亚麻酸、饱和脂肪酸、硫苷的变化，总是主花序高于分枝；按角果同一着生部位籽粒中油酸、亚麻酸、饱和脂肪酸、硫苷、含油量的变化，22．5万株/hm2密度处理的高于30万株/hm2，而蛋白质的变化则相反。因此，可以通过适当增加秦优7号的种植密度，凭借高密度优势、角粒数优势、千粒重优势，主花序的增产优势，协调好个体与群体的关系，可充分发挥秦优7号的增产优势、获得高产，增加产油量。此外，适当增加密度还可以有效降低株高，减少单株有效角果数，有利于机械收割操作和减少损失。