Fifty-seven cotton varieties authorized by Hebei province or the Yellow River Basin during 2005~2012 were selected as test materials , and their12 main characters were studied through a variety comparative experiment conducted in Shenz -hou city of Hebei province by using variation , correlation and path analyses .The purpose of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and application of new cotton varieties in middle-south area of Hebei province .The results were obtained as follows:among 12 characters , the variation coefficients of boll number per plant , lint yield and fiber elongation rate were larger , be-ing 9.89%, 9.07%and 11.43%, respectively; the correlation coefficients and direct path coefficients between lint yield and boll number per plant , single-boll weight , lint percentage were higher , which indicated that these three characters had greater contribu-tion to lint yield;lint yield exhibited a positive correlation with 50%staple length, uniformity, strength and micronaire value , and its correlation with strength reached a significant level; the negative correlation between lint yield and quality characters gradually weakened , revealing the synchronous improvement of cotton yield and quality had acquired a certain achievement .%以2005～2012年河北省及国家黄河流域棉区审定的57份棉花品种为试验材料，在冀中南棉区（河北深州）设置品种比较试验对供试材料的12个主要性状进行变异性、相关性和通径分析，以期为冀中南棉花品种选育及应用推广提供理论依据。结果表明：考察的12个性状中以单株铃数、皮棉产量和纤维伸长率的变异系数较大，分别为9．89％、9．07％和11．43％。皮棉产量与单株铃数、单铃重和衣分的相关系数和直接通径系数均较高，表明单株铃数、单铃重和衣分对皮棉产量的贡献较大。皮棉产量与上半部平均长度、整齐度指数、断裂比强度、马克隆值呈正相关，且与断裂比强度的相关性达显著水平。产量与品质性状间的负相关性逐渐减弱，产量与品质的同步改良取得一定成效。
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