武汉市蔬菜地土壤养分状况与施肥现状研究

摘要

通过问卷调查与采样分析相结合的方法，对武汉市城郊蔬菜地土壤的酸碱性、肥力状况和施肥现状进行了研究。结果表明：调查区域酸性土占的比例较大，47．43％属于酸性土。土壤有机质、NO3－－N、有效磷的含量较低，有机质的含量低于临界值（20 g／kg）的土样数占土样总数的61．71％；NO3－－N含量低于临界值（50 mg／kg）的土样数占90．86％；有效磷含量低于临界值（50 mg／kg）的土样数占土样总数的89．71％。土壤有效钾的含量较高，处于高含量水平（200～300 mg／kg）及以上的土样数占总数的44％。以钾素为例分析了武汉城郊主要菜田有机无机肥投入情况，武汉城郊菜地钾素（ K2 O）输入量以化肥的施用为主，占钾肥总输入量的73．5％，有机肥的钾素输入量占钾肥总输入量的26．5％。%Based on the method of questionnaire survey and sampling analysis, the soil pH, nutrient and fertilizer application status of vegetable soil in the suburb of Wuhan city were studied.The results showed that the proportion of acid soil in the investi-gation area was large, and the 47.43%was acidic soil.The contents of soil organic matter, NO3--N and available P were lower, soil organic content lower than 20 g/kg accounted for 61.71%, NO3--N content lower than 50 mg/kg accounted for 90.86%, a-vailable P content lower than 50 mg/kg accounted for 89.71%.Soil available K content was higher, the content at high levels(200~300 mg/kg) or above accounted for 44%of the total.Taking K as an example, the input of organic and inorganic fertilizer were analyzed, the results indicated that vegetable potassium ( K2 O) input of Wuhan suburban was mainly with fertilizer application, accounting for 73.5%of the total input of potassium fertilizer, and organic manure of potassium intake accounted for 26.5%of the total input of potassium fertilizer.