苹果煤污病菌分离中污染细菌的鉴定及抑菌抗生素的筛选

摘要

To understand this bacterial group and screen effective antibiotics,this experiment purified bacterial strains accompanied with sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi isolation,identified representative bacterial strains using 16S rDNA sequence analysis,and compared antibacterial effect of nine antibiotics using filter paper disk method.The results showed that bacteria accompanied with sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi isolation was very diverse,including at least nine genera:Microbacterium,Curtobacterium,Kocuria,Staphylococcus,Bacillus,Sphingomonas,Aureimonasi,and two genera close to Herbiconiux and Methylobacterium,respectively.Antibacterial effect of nine antibiotics varied considerably.Gentamicin and kanamycin inhibited all tested bacterial strains.Streptomycin,neomycin and aureomycin inhibited 98.08％,96.15％ and 90.38％ tested bacterial strains,respectively.Tetracycline,nlidixic acid and penicillin only inhibited 42.31％,9.62％ and 9.62％ tested bacterial strains,respectively.Chloramphenicol did not inhibit any tested bacterial strains.Therefore,gentamicin,kanamycin,streptomycin,neomycin and aureomycin can be used to inhibit bacterial contamination in isolation of sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi.The results were valuable for eliminating bacterial contamination effectively when isolating and cultivating sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi,as well as other fungi.%为明确煤污菌分离中污染细菌的组成,筛选可抑制污染菌的抗生素,对煤污病菌分离中伴随的污染细菌进行纯化,通过16S rDNA序列分析对代表性纯菌株进行鉴定,并采用滤纸片法测定9种抗生素对供试细菌菌株的抑菌效果.结果表明,煤污病菌分离中污染细菌的组成复杂多样,至少包括9个属,分别是微杆菌属Microbacterium、短小杆菌属Curtobacterium、考克氏菌属Kocuria、葡萄球菌属Staphylococcus、芽孢杆菌属Bacillus、鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas、Aureimonasi及2个未确定属,这2个属分别与草药菌属Herbiconiux和甲基杆菌属Meth ylobacterium相近.不同抗生素对供试细菌菌株的抑菌效果差异很大,庆大霉素和卡那霉素对所有供试细菌菌株都有抑制作用,链霉素、新霉素和金霉素分别能够抑制98.08％、96.15％和90.38％的细菌菌株;四环素、萘啶酮酸和青霉素分别只能抑制42.31％、9.62％和9.62％的细菌菌株,氯霉素对所有的细菌菌株都无抑制作用.因此,在煤污病菌的分离培养中可使用庆大霉素、卡那霉素、链霉素、新霉素和金霉素抑制细菌污染.