向死而乐:丧葬仪式中戏谑的调适功能--以元谋凉山乡彝族丧葬仪式为个案

摘要

Funeral Ceremony is the final rites of passage and an important cultural phenomenon of human beings.Yi people′s funeral ceremony in Liangshan town,Yuanmou county expresses not only conciliation and mourning for the dead but also the liv-ing′s attitude towards death of ridicule ,banter and entertainment.This attitude can fill in the huge blank in soul from the rela-tives′death.This paper attempts to reveal that the Yi people in Liangshan adjust the relationship between birth and death and between self and others by means of banter and entertainment,which also shows their optimistic attitude toward death.%丧葬礼仪是人类最后的通过仪式与重要的文化现象。元谋凉山乡彝族的丧葬礼仪过程既表达出对已逝者的安抚与哀悼，同时也表现出生者在丧葬仪式中对待死亡的一种调侃、戏谑、娱乐的态度。这种在丧葬仪式中呈现出来的调侃、戏谑的态度可以填补因亲人逝去而带来的巨大心灵空白。本文试图说明元谋凉山乡彝族在丧礼仪式过程中，通过戏谑、娱乐的方式来调适生与死、自我与他者之间的关系及对待生死的乐观态度。