Explaining the related concepts of"the spirit of Marxism","the body of China"and"the application of the West"does not mean to question the theory's premise. Only the question how"the spirit of Marxism","the body of China"and"the application of the West"is possible constitutes a reflection on the premise of the theory and therefore is a question on the legiti-macy of the theory. In the realistic path of contemporary Chinese cultural development,the possibility of"the spirit of Marxism"is mainly determined by the important theoretical and practical features of criticism,epochal character and human nature that are inherent in Marxism. The revelation of these three important features of Marxism not only provides an in-depth answer to the a-bove-mentioned premise question,but also reflects the features of Marxist theory that thoroughly criticize cultural conservatism and dogmatic Marxism. Besides,it highlights the spirits of Marxism,integrates Chinese and Western learning and achieves the theoretical function of synthetic innovation.%对"马学为魂""中学为体""西学为用"的相关概念进行阐释,并不意味着对构成"马魂、中体、西用"说的前提进行追问,唯有对"'马学为魂''中学为体''西学为用'如何可能"的追问,才真正构成了对该学说的前提性反思,因而是对该学说合法性的追问.在当代中国文化发展的现实道路中,"马学为魂"之所以可能,主要是由马克思主义当中所固有的批判性、时代性、人类性的重要理论和实践特征所决定的.对马克思主义的这三个重要特征进行揭示,不仅较深入地回答了上述前提性问题,还反映出马克思主义理论所具有的、彻底批判文化保守主义和教条化马克思主义的特点,以及彰显马学之魂、融会中西之学、实现综合创新的理论功能.
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