Du soleil de l'Algerie a l'ombre de la censure franquiste: Traduction et retraduction de 'L'Etranger' d'Albert Camus.

摘要

In a field such as literature, the sense of belonging to a time, a history, a culture, a society or a social class, among other things, inevitably influences the creation of a text---even if it's only done unconsciously. Thus, writing isn't done in a vacuum. By extension, in translation, the context in which the translator exists also tints the text with the reality that the transfer from a source language to a target language is done.;More precisely, I will first compare extracts from the first Spanish translation of L'Etranger---done in Argentina by Bonifacio del Carril---with the revised version of that same translation, which was authorized and published in Spain in 1958. My objective for this comparison will be to illustrate the nature of translation by attempting to verify the hypothesis according to which the revised translation of 1958 reflects corrections aimed at actualizing the translation of 1949 in order to more accurately comply with the vocabulary and syntax used in Spain. I will then see how these chosen extracts differ between the first Spanish translation (original version of 1949 and revised version of 1958) and the retranslation done by Jose Angel Valente in 1999, considering that one translation was done during the dictatorship and subject to censorship, while the other was done under a democratic Spain.;Starting with the assumption that the different political, social and cultural contexts surrounding the translation of Albert Camus' L'Etranger influenced the translation and retranslation of the book in Spanish, I will demonstrate and interpret the differences between three Spanish versions of the novel. The first translation was completed in Argentina, in 1949, while Spain was under Franco's dictatorship. Deemed immoral by Franco's regime, its publication was censored in Spain for several years before finally being authorized in 1958---a year after Albert Camus received the Nobel Prize of Literature. A retranslation of the book was completed in 1999 as Spain was marking almost a quarter of a century of democratic rule.