Preparer une firme-reseau dans le transport routier des hydrocarbures le cas de TOTAL Madagascar.

摘要

In a dynamic context, a network firm is more and more suggested in scientific writings as a prevalent strategy to develop several firms in subcontracting link in order to satisfy the needs of their customers asking for products which are complex to manufacture. However, due to lack of sufficient preparation, most of network organizations fail. That's why it seems legitimate to explore an avenue of research on the preparation step of a network firm.;This study is developed inside the framework of an intervention-research applied to the case of the oil distribution company TOTAL Madagascar. 71 weeks of intervention actions carried out with 27 subcontracting firms of hydrocarbon road transport located to Antananarivo are recorded within this framework.;One of the critical elements in the oil distribution in Madagascar is the scarcity of the subcontracting firms of hydrocarbon road transport which are able to meet the required quality criterions. A lack of management standards observed in several small and medium enterprises of hydrocarbon road transport, a growth of the number of tankers accidents, and an insufficiency of individual resources to develop competences constitute the main reasons which explain this scarcity. By this way, a preparation step of a network firm was developed in order to increase the management competences of the subcontracting firms of hydrocarbon road transport, and to develop their capacity of collective learning.;This step comes from the evolutionary perspective which consists in elaborating and implementing uprooting, movement and rooting activities related to a change implementation model taking reactions of the participating enterprises into consideration, through a change understanding process from objection to exploration until engagement.;How a third intermediary can develop and try out a change process in order to stimulate the commitment of films to organize themselves in network?;The realization of theses activities had been allowed: 44 managers of 27 participating firms to be trained, certified and sensitized with the network firm practice, 78% of the participating firms to be enthusiastic to pass to the creation of a network firm, and the enterprise pivot TOTAL Madagascar to record a significant diminution of the number of tankers accidents which is passed from 10 (77% of the total number of the tankers accidents) at the beginning of the process in 2003 to 5 (36%) at the end of this process in 2005 and to 3 (27%) in 2007.;These tangible and positive results seem to prove the commitment of firms participating in the preparation step of the network firm. In this way, it is appropriate to put the hypothesis according to the experience done within the framework of this study that could be considered as a learning trajectory type of the preparation step which efficiently stimulates the intention of the participating firms to be organized in network.;This present case, through these results, strengthens the consideration according to the success of the network firm which depends in the efficiency of the change process related to its preparation. Thus, a main scientific contribution of this present step rely on its originality which is the integration of two change models (implementation and understanding) inside the same research conceptual framework. In a managerial side, the essential of this step may be transferable to the other contexts which look upon the determinant role of the researcher acting as a change co-leader. That shows the utility of this step within the framework of a doctorate applied in administration.;Keywords: Subcontracting -- Change -- Network firm -- Hydrocarbon Road Transport -- Small and Medium Enterprises