A. F. VEL'TMAN AS A ROMANTICIST: AN ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITIONAL AND STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO NOVELS (1830'S), 'SVETOSLAVIC, DEVIL'S NURSLING' AND 'THE HEART AND THE MIND.' (RUSSIAN TEXT).

摘要

The objective of this work is the analysis of Vel'tman's early artistic prose. We ascertain the peculiarities of his style to be a system of artistic expression of romantic Weltanschauung. This is accomplished through an analysis of the composition and the stylistics of the novels from the point of view of literary Romanticism and its esthetic system which is based on the philosophic concept of art as a method of cognition. The main characteristics of European and Russian Romanticism are discussed. We consider briefly the philosophic base of the Romanticism as a whole, and examine its preconditions concerning the source of man's knowledge of objective reality, its nature and essence, and man's own nature as innately noble and good. We show that Vel'tman's style is a logical consequence of an innovative treatment of basic categories of being, of time and space, of subject and object, romantic duality. We show that Vel'tman's system of imagery is the result of a unique understanding of basic relationship between rationality and irrationality, of relativity in the field of concepts; a unique treatment of literary facts, philosophic problems, and scientific theories.; We point to the heterogeneity of elements in Vel'tman's composition, to the total freedom in the arrangement of parts, multiple action-lines in plot construction, inversions of time elements in plot development, coexistence of natural and fantastic domains, peculiarities of natural and supernatural personages and the dynamics of their development. Particular attention is drawn to the additional function of Vel'tman's composition: a function as an artistic design created by systems of complex imagery and multifarious illusions.; In analysing the stylistic characteristics of the novels we consider grammatical system of Vel'tman' prose and various esthetic devices which he introduces into prose from poetry: elaborate, unfolding metaphors, periphrases, tautology, anaphoric units, alliterations, and assonances. We analyze rhythmic prose and its function. We examine devices of humor, irony, parody. We demonstrate the extraordinary variety of phraseological elements of differing levels: from Church Slavonic to scientific terminology, to dialects, jargons, folkloristic and fairy tale stylization, idiomatic expressions, old saying, adages, puns based on homonyms and other polysemantic constructs, characteristic usage of variety of foreign languages (contemporary and ancient).; Vel'tman's biography and a survey of his novels of 1830's and their criticism are given in the beginning of this work.