The biological availability of phosphorus in various feed ingredients for pigs and chicks.

摘要

eventeen experiments were conducted to determine the relative bioavailability of P in feedstuffs for pigs and chicks, and to examine the relationship of the neutral ammonium citrate (NAC) solubility of the P in defluorinated phosphate and the bioavailability of P for the pig and chick.;A total of 278 pigs (14.6 to 33.1 kg) were used in eight 33- to 36-day tests. The treatments were a corn starch-dextrose-soybean meal or corn-soybean meal basal diet (.21 or.33% P), the basal with added P (added at levels from.05 to.15%) from the P standard (monosodium phosphate (MSP) or monocalcium phosphate (MCP)), and the basal with added P (added at levels from.05 to.15%) from the test sources.;The following P bioavailability estimates were obtained for pigs: monocalcium phosphate, 102%; barley, 28%; corn, 16%; grain sorghum, 28%; oats, 21%; wheat, 41%; brewers dried grains, 25%; cooked cereal food fines, 36%; corn gluten feed, 58%; pelleted corn gluten feed, 75%; corn gluten meal, 12%; distillers dried grains with solubles, 80%; steam-rolled oat groats, 16%; wheat bran, 31%; wheat middlings, 31%; canola meal, 9%, soybean meal (44% protein), 19%; dehulled soybean meal (48% protein), 20%; dried skim milk, 91%; dried whey, 115%; feather meal, 31%; fish meal, 83%; meat and bone meal, 61%; and defluorinated phosphate, 87%. The NAC solubility of the P in defluorinated phosphate did not consistently influence P bioavailability.;A total of 3,392 chicks (59 to 373 g body weight) were used in nine 11- to 14-day experiments. The treatments were a corn-soybean meal or corn starch-dextrose-soybean meal (.40 to.50% P), the basal with added P (added at levels from.05 to.20%) from the standard P source (MSP or MCP), and the basal with added P (added at levels from.05 to.20%) from the test ingredients.;The following P bioavailability values for chicks were obtained: monocalcium phosphate, 98%; barley, 32%; corn, 19%; grain sorghum, 18%; oats, 28%; pearl millet, 33%; rice,