A Robust Multicast Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks.

摘要

Ad hoc networks are tetherless networks where nodes not only act as source or destination but also as routers on demand. The key features of ad hoc networks (AHNs) include quick deployment and circulation of messages. These features make them well-suited for applications where reliability and robustness are crucial. In such environments, multicasting improves the efficiency of communication by sending information to more than one node in a single transmission. Multicasting in Bit Torrent Enabled Ad hoc Network (MBEAN) routing protocol is presented in this research for multicasting in ad hoc networks. MBEAN is based on the concept of Bit Torrent protocol, used in peer-to-peer file sharing in the Internet. MBEAN uses a mesh-based approach to establish multiple connections among multicast members in a network. The mathematical framework for member-to-member connectivity, which indicates member reliability, of MBEAN is developed in this research. Analytical explanations for packet delivery ratio and bounds for routing and control overhead are also presented. Simulations conducted show that MBEAN achieves higher member reliability and improved packet delivery ratio with reduced overall overhead compared to other multicast routing protocols such as, Multicasting in Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) and Protocol for Unified Multicasting through Announcements (PUMA). The robustness of MBEAN is also demonstrated for realistic application-based scenarios for various kinds of message sources.;Unicasting in BitTorrent Enabled Ad Hoc Network (BEAN) routing protocol is also presented in this research and is primarily developed to deliver unicast communications in a multicast domain. BEAN protocol applies on-demand methodology and establishes multiple disjoint routes among pairs of nodes. The probability of multiple disjoint paths that are necessary for BEAN is investigated through analytical expressions and validated using simulations. The performance of BEAN in terms of improved delivery of information is illustrated through medium access control mechanism. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of BEAN under practical network conditions and the results are compared with those of AODV, a traditional routing protocol.