Chungyung and Jung: Self-cultivation in the Confucian Chungyung and Jungian individuation (C. G. Jung).

摘要

Many writers have commented on the striking similarities between Chinese philosophy and the depth psychology of Carl Jung following Jung's own interest in the topic. Although previous studies have focused almost exclusively on the Taoist classics, remarkably, the Confucian tradition is potentially even more affirmative of Jung's ideas. Confucian humanist philosophy is commonly perceived to be a rigid system of social morality, when it is really concerned with nurturing authentic individuality in order to influence the world and establish universal harmony. The Confucian ChungYung, a classic work usually translated as the Doctrine of the Mean, presents an account of transformative growth that is surprisingly close to Jung's central theory of individuation. The integral metaphysics of ChungYung resonates with the spirit of archetypal psychology, which also sees that harmony on a universal scale is influenced by the whole, authentic self. ChungYung and Jung are practiced as methods of transformative self-cultivation, maintaining universal harmony as the ultimate goal. Both recognize that developing inherent characteristics will connect the individual to society, nature, and destiny. This dissertation describes the main themes relating to self-cultivation, first in the ChungYung, then in Jungian depth psychology, in both cases incorporating commentary from relevant secondary sources into the narrative. These accounts are completed with a comparison of the two systems alongside each other to demonstrate in which areas they are most similar.