The Utilization of Environmental Modification to Improve Sensory Processing Issues for Children with Asperger's Syndrome and Other Autism Spectrum Disorders.

摘要

The criteria listed for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) in the current DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000) does not include sensory processing issues, although it has been shown that the majority of individuals diagnosed have experienced difficulties in this area (Dunn, 1999; Tomchek, 2007). The purpose of this study was to explore how environmental modification could be used to improve sensory processing issues in individuals with an ASD. Questionnaires were completed by facilities that currently serve a population with ASDs, to understand what environmental modifications had been utilized to accommodate sensory processing difficulties. Semi-structured interviews were completed with architects, real estate agents, and designers with previous experience working on facilities for individuals with ASDs, in order to identify the factors that guide the design of these facilities. Results of the questionnaire indicated that current treatment facilities consider a range of sensory processing issues, while many of the sensory issues were not represented. Content analysis was used to determine the factors considered while designing these facilities. The themes that emerged were safety concerns, minimization of distractions, individualization of treatment spaces, and inclusion of sensory needs. Research limitations, implications, and considerations for future research are discussed, as well as the possibility of generalizing findings to additional diagnoses.