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Outgroup similarity as a source of cognitive dissonance: An investigation of the turncoat effect.

机译:群体外相似性作为认知失调的来源:对反涂效果的研究。

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摘要

A long tradition of social psychological research suggests that perceptions of similarity and common ground can promote more harmonious relations among otherwise diverse social groups. Yet perceived similarity with and empathy for members of an outgroup can also intensify intergroup bias by threatening the positive distinctiveness of one's group. In the present research, cognitive dissonance theory is used as a framework for understanding how people experience and react to similarity with members of a rival outgroup and for clarifying the conditions under which outgroup similarity reduces or intensifies intergroup prejudice. Four studies tested the hypothesis that outgroup similarity elicits subjective feelings of cognitive dissonance, including psychological discomfort and negative self-evaluation. Study 1 was a pilot test in which similarity to an outgroup member was associated with negative self-evaluation but not psychological discomfort. Study 2 strengthened the interpretation of the turncoat effect as cognitive dissonance by demonstrating that the effect varies as a function of a classic dissonance moderator---perceived choice. Participants induced to experience outgroup similarity reported psychological discomfort and negative self-evaluation, but only when they believed their feelings of similarity resulted from a high degree of personal choice. Study 3 identified strength of ingroup identification as another key moderator of the effect: Only participants who were highly identified with their ingroup reported feelings of dissonance after an induction of outgroup similarity. Finally, Study 4 investigated the implications of three dissonance reduction strategies for intergroup prejudice.
机译:社会心理学研究的悠久传统表明,对相似性和共同点的认识可以促进原本多样化的社会群体之间的和谐关系。然而,与外界成员的相似性和同情心也可能通过威胁一个人群体的积极独特性而加剧群体间的偏见。在当前的研究中,认知失调理论被用作理解人们如何与竞争对手的外群成员进行相似性反应并对其做出反应并澄清外基相似度降低或加剧群体间偏见的条件的框架。四项研究检验了这样的假说,即群体外相似性会引起主观认知失调的感觉,包括心理不适和负面的自我评价。研究1是一项试点测试,其中与小组成员的相似性与否定的自我评估有关,但与心理不适无关。研究2通过证明该效果根据经典的不和谐调解人-感知的选择而变化,从而加强了对涂层涂层效应作为认知失调的解释。被诱导经历小组外相似性的参与者报告了心理不适和负面的自我评价,但是只有当他们相信自己的相似性感觉是由于高度的个人选择所致。研究3将组内认同的强度确定为该效应的另一个关键调节因素:只有被组内高度认同的参与者在诱导组外相似性后才报告不和谐的感觉。最后,研究4调查了三种降低失谐策略对群体间偏见的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hall, Deborah L.;

  • 作者单位

    Duke University.;

  • 授予单位 Duke University.;
  • 学科 Psychology Social.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 82 p.
  • 总页数 82
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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