Woven goods appear in all different aspects of life, from baskets to tents, as well as apparel. Their purpose determines the necessary qualities (e.g., durability, softness, etc.). Within the garment industry, specific weave patterns (that define the underlying structure) and the constituent material (e.g., yarns, filaments, staple fibers) are combined to suit the target apparel (e.g., summer dress, slacks, jacket, etc.). Computer graphics attempts to simulate a range of fabrics using 2-dimensional models in either continuum or discretized form with parameters that cover a range of behaviors. These models are valuable for visualization of the fabric when sewn into a complete garment, assuming the model is comprehensive enough to capture the subtleties that distinguish one cloth sample from another. Currently, it is still unclear what is a sufficiently complex cloth model; however, this work makes steps toward answering that question.; Textile research has looked at the relationship between constituent properties and final fabric stretch, shear, bend, lateral compression, and buckling. Low level models concentrate on the simplest weave pattern. Some attention has been focused on the more complicated knit structure with explicit models of the yarns in 3-space, but then those models are reduced to 2-dimensions to analyze weaves. The work presented looks to create a general framework applicable to both knit and woven cloth, and use the full 3-space model to analyze the behavior of a fabric sample.; The yarn geometry consists of a frame and thickness attached to a curve in 3-space. The curve represents the yarn axis, and the thickness accounts for the cross-sectional area. Unlike textile models, the interaction between yarns, including dynamic friction, is explicitly modeled. The main distinction in this work lies in the material properties and behavior of the yarn. While work by Postle et al. and by Nocent et al. include a term for twist along the yarn, its effects (through frictional contact with other yarns) are neglected. Other models lump the contributions from all contacts into a single nonlinear term, with parameters computed from measurements of actual cloth samples and are more suitable for simulating cloth rather than analyzing the effects of the yarn structure on the final fabric.; The proposed yarn model is a sweep surface with strain energy based on geometric measures of stretch, bend, twist, and compression, where the stretch depends on the twist along with the stretch along the axis. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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