Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is critical to organizational success. Significant effort has been put forth to identify antecedents to organizational citizenship behavior. Three categories of antecedents were identified: contextual factors, affective factors, and dispositional factors. In past research dispositional factors mainly referred to individual personality. These types of dispositional factors received very limited empirical support. In this study the author proposed an individual's motivation orientation as a dispositional factor of OCB. Two types of motivation orientation were studied: calculative motivation and value/identity-based motivation. This research also addressed the moderating effect of I-C on the relationship between motivation orientation and engagement in OCB.; Data were collected from 128 employees in three manufacturing organizations located in midwestern and southwestern United States. The results of the study supported the hypothesized relationships between value/identity-based motivation and conscientiousness, sportsmanship, courtesy, and altruism as well as a moderating effect of I-C on the relationship between value/identity-based motivation and civic virtue. Results of exploratory analyses also indicated that I-C moderated the relationship between value/identity-based motivation and employees' engagement in altruism. The study did not support a relationship between calculative motivation and OCB engagement.
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