Finite Element Analysis of Maxillary Central Incisor Trauma.

摘要

Biomechanics of traumatic dental injures (TDI) is not well understood. Computer-based simulation/finite element method—FEM may facilitate understanding TDI. A realistic 3-D FEM of a maxilla with multi-tooth loading will enhance TDI understanding. METHODS: FE model of a complete maxilla including alveolar process, enamel, dentin, pulp, and PDL was constructed using CT imaging of an 18 year old female. Single and multi-incisor TDI was simulated using horizontal, oblique, and vertical loading with static point forces of 200 N (right central incisor) and 400 N (both central incisors). Stress/strain/displacement of affected/adjacent teeth and supporting structures were evaluated based on TDI scenario. RESULTS: Horizontal loading experienced most stress in all hard/soft tissues compared to other loading scenarios. Double loading experienced approximately double stress/displacement. Teeth in isolation to other structures experienced most stress while PDL experienced little. CONCLUSION: Anatomically accurate full maxilla FE model was constructed. FE model output approximates clinical presentations of many TDI scenarios. When model is loaded horizontally FEA simulates buccal plate fracture. Understanding TDI biomechanics will allow better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dentoalveolar injuries.