声明
ABSTRACT
摘要
Abbreviations
Contents
1．1．1 Energy requirement
1．1．2 Non-renewable energy
1．1．3 Renewable energy
1．2 Biomass as a source of energy
1．2．1 Biomass conversion and utilization
1．2．2 Furfural as a platform for chemicals and fuel
1．2．3 Conversion pathways of furfural to alkanes and biofuels
1．3 Research Progress in conversion of Furfural to liquid fuel
1．4 Challenges in the conversion of furfural to liquid alkanes
1．5 Layered Double Hydroxides(LDHs)
1．5．1 Structure of LDHs
1．5．2 Applications of hydrotalcite materials
1．5．3 Dispersion of metal elements
1．5．4 Effect of calcination and reduction on LDHs
1．6 Significance and Purpose of topic selection
1．6．1 Significance of this research
1．6．2 Research Purpose
1．7 Designing of Catalyst for the conversion of Furfural to liquid alkane
Chapter 2 Experimental Section
2．1 Materials
2．2 Preparations
2．2．1 MgAl-CO32--LDHs
2．2．3 CuMgAiZr-CO32--LDHs
2．2．4 CoMgAlZr-CO32--LDHs
2．2．5 CuCoMgAlZr-CO32--LDHs
2．2．6 Activation of LDHs
2．3 Characterization
2．3．1 X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)
2．3．2 Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)
2．3．3 Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM and HRTEM)
2．3．4Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer(ICP-OES)
2．3．5 Low Temperature N2 Absorption and Desorption Tests(BET)
2．3．6 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)
2．3．8 CO2 temperature programmed desorption(CO2-TPD)
2．4 Catalytic Evaluation
2．4．1 Reaction process
2．4．2 Product identification and analysis
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion
3．1 Structural and Morphological Characteristics of LDHs
3．1．1 Structure of MgAlZr-LDHs
3．1．2 Structure of CoMgAlZr-LDHs
3．1．3 Morphology of MgAl，MgAlZr,and CoMgAlZr-LDHs
3．1．4 Structure and morphology of CuCoMgAlZr-LDHs
3．2 Structural and Morphological Characteristics of LDO
3．2．1 Strueture and morphology of MgAlZr and Co-MgAlZr-LDO
3．2．2 Structure and morphology of CuCo-MgAlZr-LDO
3．3 Acid-base properties of catalysts
3．4 Physicochemical Property of catalyst
3．5 Surface chemical composition
3．6 Catalytic Performance
3．6．1 Aldol Condensation Reaction
3．6．2 Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction
3．8 One pot reaction
Chapter 4 Conclusion and Prospective
References
Acknowledgment
Introduction to Author and Supervisor
