声明
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
ABSTRACT
摘要
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
CHAPTER 1．INTRODUCTION
1．1 Background Information
1．1．1 Biochar effects on soil physical properties
1．1．2 Biochar effects on greenhouse gasses emissions from soils
1．1．3 Biochar effects on extractable heavy metals in soils
1．2 Meta-analysis
1．3 Statement of the Problem
1．4 Objectives
1．5 Hypotheses
3．6 Research framework
CHAPTER 2 QUANTIFICATION OF BIOCHAR EFFECTS ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
ABSTRACT
2．1 Introduction
2．2 Materials and Methods
2．2．1 Data collection
2．2．2 Data categorization and treatment
2．2．3 Meta-analysis
2．2．4 Data treatment and statistics
2．3 Results
2．3．1 Change in soil bulk density with biochar
2．3．2 Change in soil aggregate stability(MWD)with biochar
2．3．3 Change in soil porosity with biochar
2．3．4 Change in available water capacity(AWC)with biochar
2．3．5 Change in saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ksat)
2．4 Discussion
2．4．1 Biochar effects on soil hydrological properties
2．4．2 Effects changes with the biochar conditions
2．4．3 Effects changes with soil conditions
2．5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 3 BIOCHAR EFFECTS ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION FROM SOIL
ABSTRACT
3．1 Introduction
3．2 Methods
3．2．1 Data sources and compilation
3．2．2 Data categorization and treatment
3．2．3 Statistical analysis
3．3 Results
3．3．1 CO2 Emission
3．3．2 CH4 Emission
3．3．3 N2O Emission
3．3．4 Greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI)
3．4 Discussion
3．4．1 Biochar effect on greenhouse emission：Biochar conditions versus soil conditions
3．4．2 Biochar effects on greenhouse emission：Experimental condifions
3．4．3 Biochar effect on greenhouse gas emission：Soil conditions
3．4．4 Biochar effects on GHGI
3．5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 4 BIOClIAR EFFECTS ON EXTRACTABLE HEAVY METALS IN SOIL
ABSTRACT
4．1 Introduction
4．2 Methods
4．3 Results
4．3．1 Extractable heavy metals
4．3．2 Cationic toxic heavy metals
4．3．3 Cationic micronutrients
4．3．4 Anionic toxic metals
4．4 Discussion
4．4．3 Biochar effect on extractable heavy metal：Feedstock and pyrolysis condition
4．5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 5 OVERALL SYNTHESIS AND PERSPECTIVES
5．1 Introduction
5．2 Comparative quantification of biochar effects based on changes in soil hydrological functions and soil environmental remediation functions
5．3 Comparative quantification of biochar effects between the different biochar properties
5．4 Innovations
5．5 Limitations and research gaps
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
PUBLICATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
南京农业大学;
