声明
Abstract
摘要
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Significance of the Study
1.3 Structure of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Definition of washback
2.2 Theoretical researches on washback
2.3 Empirical researches on washback
2.4 PRETCO and researches on its washback
2.4.1 PRETCO and its significance
2.4.2 Introduction and analysis of new testing syllabus of PRETCO
2.4.3 Researches on PRETCO washback
Chapter 3 Research Methodology
3.1 Research questions
3.2 Research subjects
3.3.1 Questionnaire
3.3.2 Classroom observation
3.3.3 Interviews
3.4 Procedures of collecting data
Chapter 4 Analysis and Discussions
4.1 Analysis of data
4.1.1 Results from questionnaires
4.1.2 Results from class observation
4.1.3 Results from interviews
4.2 Discussion
4.2.1 Washback effects of new PRETCO on teaching and learning
4.2.2 Positive and negative washback effects of new PRETCO
4.3 Suggestions from washbaek of PRETCO
Chapter 5 Conclusion
5.1 Summary of the findings
5.2 Limitations of the study
5.3 Suggestions for future study
Bibliography
Appendices
Acknowledgements