约翰·厄普代克《福特执政时期回忆录》中主体性的衰落

摘要

约翰·厄普代克是一位身负盛名的美国作家，他的作品受到评论界的广泛关注。然而，发表于1992年的作品《福特执政时期回忆录》却反响平平。在这部作品中，小说的叙述者克莱顿将布坎南总统时期和福特总统时期两段不同时期的历史交替书写，试图通过他的智性活动和个人生活中的追求来确立自己的身份。
　　本论文在研究了克莱顿的境遇之后得出了其主体性已然衰落的结论。依据福柯的主体性理论，本文作者试图解构主体性，并从从传统的对立的身、心两个方面对此进行论证。当克莱顿企图通过书写，重述历史和对新兴思潮保持抵制来确立自己的身份时，他所宣称的确定的自我并未成功构建。原因在于在后现代语境中，作者成为其写作的功能；他还原过去的过程中发现个体被历史话语系统所捕获。同理，他最后不得不被解构主义所同化，因为在他的学术活动中他需要不断接受并掌握新的理论知识。
　　失意的克莱顿转向了身体领域，转而追求感官的享受，在其中他强调了他对女性身体的痴迷。毫无疑问的是，克莱顿在此领域中期望获得真正的自我也注定失败。因为在他每一段的性体验中，他都被当做权力欲望投射的对象。他对描述女性身体的强烈的兴趣揭示了男人在性关系中所扮演的传统的权威的角色已经被解构，因此克莱顿的主体性在身体领域也未成功构建。

目录

声明

致谢

Introduction

Chapter One John Updike and Memories of the Ford Administration

1.1 John Updike and His Major Works

1.2 Memories of the Ford Administration and Criticism It Has So Far Received

1.3 The Crisis of Subjectivity and the Somatic Turn in Postmodern Studies on Subjectivity

Chapter Two Dissolution of Subjectivity in Clayton's Mental Construction

2.1 Clayton's Self-consciousness Situated Within Language and Social Discourse

2.1.1 Writing as a Way of Constructing Clayton's Identity

2.1.2 Clayton's Endeavor to Recover a Sense of Self through Historical Investment

2.1.3 Clayton's Resistance to Deconstructionism as a Way of Assuring His Rationality

2.2 Failure of Clayton's Efforts to Articulate an Authentic Sense of Self

2.2.1 Clayton's Function as the Effect of His Writing

2.2.2 Clayton's Inability to Establish His Subjectivity Through Historical Recollections

2.2.3 Clayton's Being Assimilated by Deconstructionism

Chapter Three Obliteration of Subjectivity in Clayton's Physical Encounters

3.1. Clayton's Shift to Somatic Concern in Finding His Identity

3.1.1 Clayton Indulgence in Sexual Adventures

3.1.2 Clayton's Fascination for Female Bodies

3.2 The Deconstruction of Subjectivity in Clayton's Physical Observation

3.2.1. Clayton's Sexual Identity Captured by Power

3.2.2 Obliteration of Unified Subjectivity through Clayton's Deconstruction of Body

Conclusion

Notes

参考文献

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