Formulation of Multi-criterion Second-best Congestion Pricing Models with Equity Constraints and Elastic Demand for General Urban Highway System

摘要

This paper analyzes the congestion pricing problem with multi-criterion, i.e. two time periods (peak and off-peak),two travel modes (car and transit) and multiple travelers (classified by different elasticities of price demand and equity constraints), on general urban highway system with equity constraints. A second-best congestion pricing models with multiple travelers, multiple time periods and travel modes based on equity constraints is constructed, then the models are resolved by an excess-demand approach for the problems of no-toll, first-best and second-best, and the first-order conditions are derived with equivalent conditions and uniqueness conditions. The new approach has the advantage of incorporating mode choice and elastic-fixed demand transform into the existing models.