How to define European ecological networks

摘要

In this paper we discuss the steps to follow to develop an ecological network on a European scale. Crucial in a design of an ecological network is a proper problem definition, a choice of species aimed at and description of the type of ecosystem involved. Based on habitat distribution, population viability and species requirements, the functional parts of an ecological network are defined. We present the ecological tool LARCH, which assesses species' population structure and spatial cohesion of natural habitats, which form the basis of the design of an ecological network. The spatial cohesion is a relative measure that can visualise the weakest parts in the ecological network for a certain species. Based on the existing network it is assessed if and where corridors are required. The resulting maps can form the basis for spatial planning and habitat protection plans. The two examples given for river networks can be applied for defining ecological networks at a larger, European scale. LARCH proves to be a powerful tool for quickly assessing habitat networks.