Forwarder's option contract ordering and pricing policy with option trade

摘要

In this paper, the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are used to investigate forwarders' option ordering and pricing policies with empty container repositioning (ECR) and option trade. The results show that forwarder's revenue is directly related to option contract quantity and there is a set of order quantity to maximize the forwarders' revenue. The results also show that expected revenue of forwarders with option trade is more than without that, and when using option trade, ordering quantity has only one Nash Equilibrium, which is the increasing function of option trade price and unit cost of ECR, as well as the decreasing function of unit cost of freight.