From Mooring to Mooring: The Critical Issues of Out-docking, Towing and Mooring of Immersed Tunnel Element in Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Project

摘要

Thirty-three immersed tunnel elements of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macaornbridge project had been installed in offshore condition without majorrnaccident; each typical element has a mass of around 76,000 t. In thisrnpaper, the author elaborated the special solutions and the critical detailsrndeveloped behind the work of plan, out-docking, towing, and mooringrnfor immersion. Three work principles were learnt from this project, thernredundancy design to the solutions, the rehearsal before real works, andrnthe selection of appropriate timing and location in accordance with therndetailed work plan.