ENERGY RELEASE FROM LITHIUM ION BATTERIES IN THE BOMB CALORIMETER

摘要

The high energy density of lithium ion batteries (LIB) makes safe shipment of this commodity as cargornon commercial aircraft a concern due to its potential to initiate a fire by thermal runaway, and contributernto a fire by burning of the organic electrolytes. Both of these risks can be mitigated by shipping lithiumrnion batteries at a reduced state-of-charge (energy density). To demonstrate the safety benefit, work isrnbeing conducted at the Federal Aviation Administration to determine the relationship between the stateof-rncharge of the LIB, its rated capacity, the release of stored chemical energy during thermal runaway,rnand the heat released by combustion of the battery components in a fire. This paper will focus on the riskrnof fire initiation by quantifying the release of stored electrochemical energy during thermal runaway usingrna bomb calorimeter pressurized with nitrogen to preclude any combustion of the battery contents. Datarnfor the release of stored electrochemical energy during thermal runaway as a function of state-of-chargernand rated capacity will be presented as well as analyses of the combustible gases that are produced usingrnmass loss measurements and FT-IR.