Supply risks of special minerals for the development of power lithium-ion batteries for electric-powered vehicles

摘要

The large-scale application of power lithium-ion batteries(PLIBs)for electric-powered vehicles,including hybrid vehicles,plug-in vehicles and pure electric vehicles,may lead to a huge requirement for special minerals with potential supply risks,including lithium(Li),cobalt(Co),nickel(Ni),manganese(Mn)and titanium(Ti).This manuscript aims to systematically analyze the requirements and the supply risks of these minerals for the development of PLIBs used for electric-powered vehicles.The weight content of these minerals in PLIBs are calculated using the separation method,then it is used to forecast the total demands of these minerals in PLIBs used for electric-powered vehicles from 2010 to 2030,and the global supply risks caused by constrained mineral reserves and production capacities in a 2030 year's scenario.The results indicate that the supply risks of lithium and cobalt have noticeable impact on the future development of PLIBs used for electric-powered vehicles because of the constrained production capacities,while Ni,Mn and Ti have less impact.