LANDFARMING FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE SOIL BIOREMEDIATION

摘要

In this chapter, we address four state-of-the-art aspects of the Landfarming Framework. These include: (1) definition and design, (2) treatment rate, (3) example of full-scale landfarming for soil bioremediation, and (4) research and application issues. Landfarming is a technology based on the use of soil microorganisms and agricultural methods in an aerobic environment to reduce soil contamination and associated risk of public exposure through transformation, immobilization, and detoxica-tion processes in order to protect public health and the environment. Landfarming technology accomplishes recycling of organic carbon and nutrients within the biosphere and maintains basic soil characteristics necessary to support plant growth (forestation, vegetation, etc.) and thus contributes to natural resource sustainability. The success of landfarming technology depends upon efficient utilization of microorganisms in a soil farm environment to treat soil contamination. Thus the development and availability of tools and methods for effective utilization of microorganisms within a landfarm environment is critical. An improved understanding of chemical―soil―microbe interactions that includes bioavailability, microorganism characterization, and effect of biological formation of soil bound residues on risk assessment and management will result in improved design, management, and monitoring of landfarm systems for sustainable restoration of soil.