Ozonation of RO-concentrate: Kinetic studies of betablocker oxidation

摘要

Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most effective means for removing a wide range of micropollutants (e.g. pharmaceuticals) during water recycling. However, one significant disadvantage is the need to dispose the resultant RO-concentrate (brine). Due to the fact that there are elevated concentrations of micropollutants in the concentrate, a direct disposal to surface water could be a hazard to aquatic organisms. As a consequence, further treatment of the concentrate could be necessary. In this study, ozonation is being investigated as a possible treatment option for RO concentrates.