Synthesis of 3,5-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene via Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution

摘要

The synthesis of the 3,5-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (DATNT) by using Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution (VNS) is presented. Commercial 2,4.6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was used as a not expensive and convenient substrate. VNS reaction were conducted in DMSO or DMF as a polar and aprotic solvents. Two aminating agents (TMHI, ATA) and three organic bases (MeOK; iPrOK; and t-BuOK) were used. The products were analyzed by using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and DTA/TG techniques. It has been found that the optimal solvent for the synthesis is DMSO. The raw product is contaminated and requires purification. In this work extraction of DATNT with CHCl_3 was used. The product melts at 221 °C and decomposes exothermically with peak maximum at 263 °C (DTA).