Cleanrooms and controlled environments shall be so designed that no or fewer particles (microorganisms) is introduced, generated and retained. The air cleanliness in cleanrooms is classified depending on the variety of products, production processes or operational requirements. To meet the above requirements, cleanrooms must be built by means of various technical measures such as facilities for cleaning the personnel and materials, air purification facilities and building decoration providing air tightness-materials and constructions of walls, ceiling, doors and windows and floor, security technologies and cleaning and washing of cleanrooms or sterilization technologies, among others. Cleanrooms are "closed production facilities" with good air tightness and specified difference of static pressure from the outside environment or adjacent rooms. In line with the requirements for cleanroom layout, personnel entering the cleanrooms shall usually follow the specified route for personnel cleaning, a winding passage, before they reach their respective operating posts.
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